The deforming arthrosis of the knee joint is called gonarthrosis in medicine-this is a degenerative-dynist disease in the knee hyaline cartilage, which covers the condyles of the femur and tibia.
With the arthrosis of the knee joint, the symptoms develop gradually, and for years the main manifestation of the disease is pain and stiffness during movement. Gonarthrosis is considered to be the most common disease as other joints, such as hip arthrosis, elbows or shoulder joint arthrosis and finger walls.
Most often, the disease affects faces over 40, and women are the most sensitive to arthrosis. Occasionally, young people develop in the background of injury or athletes from over -load.
Knee -arthrosis: Symptoms, Causes, Stages of Disease
Symptoms of arthrosis of the knee.
There are many symptoms of severe disease (bones, joints), and not all occur at the same time, but gradually when the cartilage tissue is destroyed.
Consider the symptoms of arthrosis of the knee joint at all stages (stages) of the disease.
At the initial stage, the patient has minimal inconvenience, but even mild but quite sharp pain appears in the knee joint. It will be a problem for traveling or long hiking. In addition, the pain that endures the body begins to worsen, and one is already in the knees, after a physical effort or after rising from a sitting position, when the lower limbs are loaded. In such cases, they feel sharp pain in the cartilage or the knee joint. Such pain leaves quickly, but returns every time.
Not only does the painful feelings improve in the next stage of the disease, it also starts to change the knee. Due to the fluid accumulated in the cartilage tissue, the knee may be spherical and slightly swollen.
In addition, everything is worse. If the disease is not treated, the blood circulation process is interrupted in the knee, the area of the hyaline cartilage dries and the cartilage itself can crack, after which it collapses and various growths appear on the bone structure. At this stage, the movement of the cartilage is already very difficult and we give every step to a person with difficulties. The walk causes severe pain, which is virtually no end and the discomfort, the cartilage degeneration occurs.
The last stage of the disease is when the knee joint is completely influenced, there is no cartilage tissue in the knee, and the person without support simply cannot sit and stand up, cannot move completely without experiencing severe pain in such movements.
- Symptoms to be reacted. One should react when the pain in the knee begins with the slightest tension and tension on the leg when walking or squat, a crunching knee occurs, when the movements are distributed, his feet are tired and swollen in the knee.
- What to do when the joints hurt? If your knee joints started to hurt or had sharp pain in the cups when you get up and sit down, seek medical attention immediately. Do not wait until the arthrosis of the knee joint strikes the joint and the knee cartilage completely, go to the doctor as you feel the first symptoms of the disease. Keep in mind that when the disease has been completely impressed with the cartilage tissue, the bone deformation occurs and the pain is either day, at night, or without walking or without.
- When to contact a rheumatologist? The person should be addressed to the rheumatologist on the first manifestations of the disease.
- The main symptoms of arthrosis. The main symptoms of the knee -like that should be drawn to: any intensity and strength of a knee or knee that is felt by a person when rising from a sitting or lying position; the pain that manifests itself in knee glasses during the elevators on the stairs; The occurrence of pain syndrome is immediately after a person comes out of the resting place, for example, after a seat rises and begins to move.
Causes of arthrosis of the knee joint.
For many reasons for the arthrosis of the knee joint, you can find a person - this age (over the years, the cartilage is worn), as well as the intense physiotherapy of the foot or foot, as well as the knee injuries, and much more.
The main causes of the formation of arthrosis are:
- Overweight.
- Elderly.
- Heredity.
- Osteoporosis.
- Lack of vitamins and lack of useful trace elements needed for bones.
- Specific work with constant load on the knee cup.
- Metabolic disorders.
- Sports (intense workout, charge on one leg or both legs).
- Knee injuries.
In order to avoid disabilities, you must consult a timely help with the rheumatologist.
What happens to joint joint joints?
At each stage of the disease, modifications occur in the cartilage, the joints and bones of the knee.
So at the beginning of the disease, the cartilage becomes hard and very vulnerable. In addition, microcotes and small tears on the surface of the joints gradually increase. The next stage - the cartilage begins to grow and grow thick. The last stage of the cartilage is complete destruction of the joint on a particular or given section.
The knee joint arthrosis, the degree of disease
All rheumatologists explore the three degrees of the human knee.
First. This is characterized by a slight narrowing of the gaps directly between the joints, which leads to mild discomfort and restrictions on movement.
The second. Doctors note that the formation of cracks between joints, osteophytes and cysts, and strong knee crunches.
The third and last. This bones change in the forms of osteophytes, partial or complete changes in the bones (destruction), and the movement of the legs in the knee becomes impossible.
The joint of the knee joint
- Arthrosis of the knee joint is 1 degree. At this stage, the disease only develops, the cartilage is almost whole and the bones are not deformed. At this time, people feel rare in the knee glasses, even with some light loads on their feet. These pains pass through, but then they arise again and again, pass and reappear, become more frequent, and swelling begins, which, according to patients, does not take any tablets and ointment.
- The knee joint is 2 degrees. This stage is already characterized by slightly great pains compared to the initial stages. The pain occurs not only when there is an intense load, but also in the usual walk when the severity is raised when they rise from a sitting position. The crunch of a separate knee begins to hear. At the indicated phase, the joint is deformed gradually, slowly or intensely (depending on the personality of the body), and the human movements are limited.
- The knee joint is 3 degrees. Finally, and this is the third degree of illness, the symptoms are already very expressed, the pain of the knee joints is regular, and the bones are already noticeable by the eye. Human mobility is almost completely limited, it is very difficult for the patient to choose a comfortable position for himself, the pain does not decrease.
The knee joint joint joint - symptoms and treatment
The general symptoms are as follows:
- a feeling of pain in the knee glasses when a person moves (the onset of the disease);
- pain in affected areas that become stronger every day;
- night pain in the knee joints;
- edema in areas affected by the disease;
- Coarse dry crisp knee;
- Deformation of bones in places affected by the disease.
The main symptoms of arthrosis of the knee joint
Arthrosis is the main (according to doctors-Russia) four (according to the doctor-Russia) four.
They belong to:
- pain during the movement of the knee;
- dry crunching sites;
- reducing the ability to move sick legs;
- To change the areas affected by external (complete or partial).
- Diagnosis and treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint.
After thoroughly examining the patient, the rheumatologist assesses the situation and turns his gaze to the changes in the eye for changes in one of the knees or both and their direct mobility. The probing method sets the pain and crunching sites and the intensity of these pains.
In addition to the patient's X -Gay, the doctor prescribes computer tomography and (or) MRI. These tests are required to make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe correct treatment.
Treatment of knee joint treatment methods
Arthrosis treatment of any stage of the knee joint includes the following:
- Treatment methods using drugs;
- Treatment methods with exercise and special physiotherapy;
- treatment methods using the closest massage;
- Surgical intervention.
We give effective therapy.
Effective therapy prescribed by a doctor contributes to:
- Removing sharp pain;
- The restoration of the destroyed cartilage (if possible, the result depends on the degree of disease);
- Increased joint mobility.
The practice of body exercise plays a special role in the elimination of knee -like, a special diet that is legumes, dairy products and massage. If the prescribed therapy did not show the desired result for some reason, the patient is prescribed for installing a special prosthesis that replaces the joint.
The joint joint of the knee joint: treatment, medicines
The competent treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint (violation of the cartilage composition) contains an entire medicine prescribed by the rheumatologist. This treatment complex usually includes:
- Nesteroid, which is designed to remove medicines.
- Chondroprotectors.
- Special creams or ointments.
- Therapeutic agents that are compressed.
Most often, doctors prescribe ibuprofrofrofrofrofrofrofrofrosis, indomethacin, also for the treatment of knee cartilage arthrosis, also any production, ketoprofen, diclofenac, pyroxicum and others.
The appointment of these drugs contributes to the rapid elimination of pain, which will result in the patient to start with fruitful treatment in another way - massage, medical exercises, etc.
As far as ointments are concerned, most often for the patient (rubbed with massage movement in the sore area), such drugs are used in dense ointments (creams) and gels such as diclofenac, fastum, fermazine, transvazine, dollary and others.
List of special gels and ointments - external preparation of the joints of the modern pharmacological market is very wide and diverse, so the patient's recommendation is recommended by the patient to choose from the most appropriate and effective in the case.
The most popular recipes of traditional medicine against knee arthrosis.
- Burdock or the most common punishment. Treatment requires (you need to take three sheets of Burdock (better to buy young leaves), fasten to the sore knee and roll them with gauze that are sold in any pharmacy or bandage. On top of Marley, it is also best to use a warm scarf.
- Celandine helps the plant with joint and juice. You need to buy or obtain a celandine fruit juice. Once saturated with such juice, canvas or any other natural fabric, apply it to a sore spot for 45-55 minutes. After removing the bandage, it immediately grease the joint with any vegetable oil. Repeat treatment for at least 10 days, then take the same break and repeat the course.
- Treatment of arthrosis with dandelion. For such therapy, the flowering dandelion collection must be prepared. In order to achieve the right effect, folk healers recommend that patients eat five dandelion flowers a day on an empty stomach, allowed and washed in previous cooked warm water. In addition, dandelion flowers can make a special grinding infusion. To do this, a bank that is previously treated with boiling water is filled with half dandelion flowers, and (the second half of the glass jar) has been poured by traditionally any triple cologne. The product is placed in a dark place and closes under the cover. After 30 days, the infusion can be used to rub the sore spots. The rubbing movements are carried out clockwise for 20-30 seconds to the knees.
After the use of these compresses, the patients are approx. 75% notice significant improvement, a decrease in pain and almost complete disappearance of the typical knee bark.
ShouldKeep in mind that conventional medicine recipes do not treat the disease, they can only complement therapeutic treatment of medicines, so this course becomes more effective.
If you prepare a tool for traditional medicine or make the right raw materials for such a tool, you will not be able to buy these parts at a pharmacy, or ask them to collect plants (folk healers, grandmothers).
Therapeutic gymnastics
The special place for the treatment of arthrosis knee is occupied by special therapeutic gymnastics (exercise therapy). It is prescribed for patients, regardless of the treatment process to improve blood flow and outflow in the affected area, increase muscle strength and prevent contractures. With the use of special drugs.
Arthrosis LFK is by no means a specific treatment, which is a complementary method of fighting the disease that is prescribed in combination with special medicines.
Many exercises for therapeutic gymnastics of treatment and prevention:
- You have to go to a hard place (floor). Bend it and extend your knees immediately with both legs. We recommend that you repeat the exercises as often as daily as possible for 3-5 minutes. The load of both legs should be the same.
- Lying on the back, lying on the floor, cross the leg with scissors (legs on the leg, first on the right leg from above and then from the bottom), keeping your knees exposed. Such movements can be repeated every day. Exercises should not cause discomfort, it is better to leave such practice.
- Lying on the back, in a solid place, pressed to the stomach, and bending another leg in the knee. These daily movements help to exclude the risk zone. Exercises are recommended to repeat every day as often as possible for 3-4 minutes. The load of both legs, as in the first case, should be the same.
Exercise therapy for the treatment of arthritis for arthrosis is more advantage when combining therapeutic exercises with a special massage.
In the patient, visible changes using physiotherapeutic exercises can take place within 7-10 days.
If you are unable to perform exercise therapy on its own, it is better to deny the exercises.
The knee joint joint joint: first symptoms, treatment, prevention and diet
In summary, we want to notice that the first symptoms of the disease and these knee joints are pain and characteristic crunch, immediately seek medical attention and begin special treatment with medicines.
A diet that helps the joints of the joint.
Immediately, if you find arthrosis or to prevent the disease, review the usual diet diet. It should be a steamed vessel or cooked in your daily diet. It is best to use foods that have a beneficial effect on bones, ligaments, joints and cartilage. Such products include: all legumes, cottage cheese, hard kind of cheese, soup, fried fish, fried fish, peanuts, almonds, pumpkin, zucchini, carrot, broccoli and cauliflower, bones.
The diet described above is not a specific treatment method and should be used for effective treatment in combination with medicines, medical exercises and massage.
The first group of reasons: hereditary and age factors
Heredity
The arthrosis of the knee joint is a disease in which the hereditary predisposition is quite highlighted. So, if you are a woman and your mother has suffered in any form (not at all not at all) osteoarthritis, the likelihood of this disease is 2-3 times higher than in the population. If you have sisters and they are also sick of the joint, then the likelihood of appearance is even more.
In addition, there are diseases that are inherited in which the connective tissue is affected - so -called collagenosis, which contains a Sticler syndrome, for example. In the presence of such defects in collagen, a substance that is part of the tapes - is also increasing the likelihood of the disease.
Partly with this group of knee arthrosis, the endocrine system diseases are adjacent: diabetes mellitus, female sex hormones deficiency menopause and many other conditions.
Circle
Unfortunately, the older one becomes, the greater the risk of osteoarthrosis. The reason for this is that with age, cartilage is the ability to regenerate and recovery and the metabolism of the joints is deteriorated.
So, if at the age of 45, this disease suffers from 1, 5-3-4% of the population (American data), then almost one third person is ill at times of 45-65 years (30%). And at the age of 65-85, the frequency of developing the disease jumps to at least 80 percent!
In addition, in patients of mature age, the development of the disease is influenced not only by itself but also by hormonal changes. Thus, in menopause, the likelihood of osteoarthritis is suddenly increased. This is due to the fact that estrogens - female sex hormones - control metabolism in joints, cartilage, bones and ligaments. When they become smaller (when menopause), these tissues will worsen your metabolism and the risk of osteoarthrosis increases suddenly.
The second group of reasons: a congenital and acquired disease of the muscle system
Inflammation of the joint
Inflammation of the knee joint (arthritis, more precisely drives) is one of the most common causes of gonarthosis. Unfortunately, most microorganisms that penetrate the joint and cause inflammation contributes to the fact that the fine cartilage is deformed. At the same time, its nutrition is significantly worsening, the shape of the bone cartilage changes, etc.
For all these reasons, the normal slippage of the cartilage in the joint bones is disturbed. This leads to the further trauma of the cartilage, worsens the amount of movement of the joint, and eventually creates very fertile soil to develop osteoarthrosis.
The action and injuries of the knee
Another general cause of the disease is the presence of knee injuries and surgical interventions. Very often, both are both - for example, when the meniscus is carried out as a result of sports damage. The normal function of the joint is impaired, the load on cartilage changes, enhanced in atypical places, and as a result the knee osteoarthrosis develops.
Metabolism -disorder in the body
The cartilage tissue in the joints is one of the few whose diet is not carried out by supplying nutrients by blood vessels. The cartilage is "eaten" by the diffusion of nutrients from the synovial fluid and directly from the pineal glands, according to the same principle.
This is a rather delicate and fragile mechanism, so if the body occurs in a variety of metabolism disorders, it can break and stop working. Therefore, some diseases in which the body's metabolism is highly disturbed can contribute to osteoarthrosis.
Such diseases include primary and secondary gout, articular condomatosis, hemochromatosis, ocronosis, and Wilson-Konovalov disease and many other diseases. In addition, endocrine diseases can be added to this group, which also affects the whole body metabolism - the lack of diabetes and female sex hormones (estrogen) in old age due to menopause.
Third group of reasons: increased load and microtrauma cartilage
Sports and hard physical work at work
As mentioned above, the nutrition of cartilage is a very delicate mechanism that can disrupt not only metabolism but also the load on the knee joint.
This is quite often done with intense sports, and when a person's work requires high physical activity and keeps on his feet for a longer period of time without sitting down and relaxing.
At the same time, certain muscle groups (such as the lower leg and thigh muscles) have been overcrowded. This exacerbates the nutrition of muscles and joints, which means problems with metabolism in the cartilage when the cartilage simply does not have time to recover after such strong physical efforts.
The joint diagnosis
The arthrosis of the knee joint should be distinguished (distinguished) from rheumatic, inflammatory and other similar symptoms.
To do this, a standard test standard has been adopted, which includes general biochemical blood tests, radiographic examination, MRI and ultrasound.
In the case of arthrosis, the blood test does not show significant differences from the norm. Changes in blood composition, increase in immune cells and antibodies generally indicate another disease.
Because arthrosis does not manifest itself in the analysis in any way, the only reliable method is hardware testing.
X -Ray, as the most common and cheapest test method, can be relatively accurately identified by the joint and stage.
The structural changes in the joints and bones can be clearly distinguished. The X -Ray study allows you to detect structural deformations and to determine errors in joint surfaces.
Further examinations are conducted in connection with X -Ray: ultrasound, MRI or CT in the reliable determination of gonarthrosis and its development.
The methodology for diagnosing arthrosis is designed to ensure the exact detection of the disease at the earliest stage of development, which can effectively treat it.
Unfortunately, due to the characteristics of the disease, the effectiveness of this approach is low: patients tend to not pay attention to poor pain and mild chrome, and the doctor is leading to the second or third stages of gonarthosis.
Further recommendations: Prevention
The purpose of the preventive measures is to eliminate the risk factors leading to the development of arthrosis.
We recommend that you perform moderate physical activity. In this case, possible injury, surge and hypothermia of the joints should be avoided.
As noted above, there is no relationship between the risk of diet and arthrosis.
However, it is recommended to reduce the consumption of salted and spicy foods, alcohol and cigarettes: this improves the general condition of the body and reduces the joint load.
In the presence of family history, indicating genetic predisposition, physical examination is performed regularly. Generally, preventing arthrosis is the living of a moderate lifestyle. It is important that you do not start the disease and consult a doctor if you have the lowest suspicion of arthrosis.